Länder- und Gebietsschutzliste
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Transparenz ist ein Eckpfeiler des Wikimedia Movements - daher ist es uns sehr wichtig, welche Daten wir veröffentlichen und wie wir sie veröffentlichen. Im Einklang mit unseren Richtlinien zur Datenveröffentlichung ist es unser Ziel, genaue Informationen über unsere Projekte bereitzustellen, ohne dabei die Risiken für die Privatsphäre und andere Sicherheitsrisiken zu erhöhen, denen unsere Communities ausgesetzt sein könnten, wenn sie zu unseren Projekten beitragen.
Die Richtlinie für Länder- und Gebietsschutzlisten zielt darauf ab, die Fähigkeit der Wikimedia Foundation zu verbessern, Informationen zu veröffentlichen und die persönlichen Daten der Beitragenden zu schützen, während gleichzeitig die Möglichkeit für alle erhalten bleibt, sicher zu unseren Projekten online beizutragen, und zwar im Einklang mit der Verpflichtung der Foundation, die Rechte der Wikimedianer/innen auf Privatsphäre zu wahren, wie sie in ihrer Menschenrechtsrichtlinie dargelegt ist. Die Veröffentlichung exakter Werte von hochrangigen, scheinbar anonymen Statistiken setzt die Beitragenden dem Risiko der oder aus. Deshalb berücksichtigt dieses Update der Richtlinien für Länder- und Gebietsschutzlisten die Möglichkeit, dass einzelne Beitragende und Beiträge statistisch verschleiern kann. Dieses Update ermöglicht mehr Flexibilität und Nuancierung, ohne die Sicherheit unserer Communities zu gefährden. So können wir mehr Daten veröffentlichen und den Bedürfnissen der Communities besser gerecht werden.
Process
The Wikimedia Foundation relies on the judgments of respected international human rights NGOs to assess potential risk to Wikimedia users. Every year, Reporters Without Borders produces an annual score for hundreds of countries and territories (based on a review of political, economic, legislative, social, and security factors) that signifies journalistic safety in each place. Similarly, Freedom House produces an annual internet freedom score for nearly 80 countries and territories (based on a questionnaire that evaluates obstacles to access, limits on content, and violations of user rights).
These signals are highly-credible and dynamic, with updates every year provided by panels of subject matter experts. Relying on this independent data allows our own models to iterate and provides every person with access to sensitive data with a built-in set of guidelines around risk minimization. They also give the Wikimedia Foundation a sense of the relative risk of government or other parties' actions against Wikimedia community members for their on-platform behaviors (e.g. editing and reading). Where possible, we average the two scores together and subtract them from 100 to get a composite risk score, where 0 is the least likely and 100 is the most likely to take action against community members for on-platform behavior.
Based on the composite score, we then sort each country or territory into one of four categories:
- 0 to 60 — lower risk: These countries and territories are at lower risk of action being taken against Wikimedia community members for on-platform activities. The Wikimedia Foundation can publish aggregated data about them as long as it is in line with the minimum thresholds set out in the Data Publication Guidelines.
- 60 to 67.5 — medium risk: These countries and territories are at medium risk of action being taken against Wikimedia community members for on-platform activities. The Wikimedia Foundation can publish aggregated data about them only using differential privacy such that any consumer of the data will be (in the worst case) at most 5% more certain about a data subject's presence or absence in the dataset.[2]
- 67.5 to 75 — higher risk: These countries and territories are at higher risk of action being taken against Wikimedia community members for on-platform activities. The Wikimedia Foundation can publish aggregated data about them only using differential privacy such that any consumer of the data will be (in the worst case) at most 2.5% more certain about a data subject's presence or absence in the dataset.[3]
75 to 100 — not published: These countries and territories are at the highest risk of action being taken against Wikimedia community members for on-platform activities. For reasons of user and editor safety, the Wikimedia Foundation does not publish aggregated data about them.
Some countries and territories are not included in the Country and Territory Protection List because they do not have sufficient associated scores from our data sources; in these cases, privacy and human rights experts may decide their risk category.
Country and territory protection list designations
In 2024, the country and territory protection list is as follows:
Medium risk
There are twenty countries and territories deemed medium risk of action being taken against community members for on-platform activities: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Honduras, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Laos, Nicaragua, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Sudan, Tajikistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, and Yemen.
Higher risk
There are eight countries and territories deemed higher risk of action being taken against community members for on-platform activities: Bahrain, Belarus, Egypt, Eritrea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Turkmenistan.
Not published
There are eight countries and territories deemed highest risk of action being taken against community members for on-platform activities, and that are, as a result, too risky to publish data about: China, Cuba, Iran, Macau, Myanmar, North Korea, Syria, and Vietnam.
Full country and territory list
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